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W.P. No. 12652 (W) of 2016
IN THE HIGH COURT AT CALCUTTA
Constitutional Writ Jurisdiction
Appellate Side
Dr. Surajit Chandra Mukhopadhyay
Vs.
The West Bengal National University
of Juridical Sciences & Ors.
For the Petitioner

: Mr. Kishore Dutta, Sr. Advocate
Mr. Biswaroop Bhattacharjee, Advocate
Mrs. Reshmi Ghosh, Advocate
Mrs. T. Bandyopadhyay, Advocate

For the University

: Mr.
Mr.
Mr.
Mr.
Mr.

Hearing concluded on

: July 19, 2016

Judgment on

: July 26, 2016

Pratik Dhar, Sr. Advocate
R. Pattanaik, Advocate
Debanshu Ghorai, Advocate
S. Halder, Advocate
Pappu Adhikari, Advocate

DEBANGSU BASAK, J.:-

The petitioner has assailed the decision of the Executive
Council (E.C.) of the University dated June 18, 2016 by which the
E.C. has approved the proposal for dismissal of the petitioner.
Learned Senior Advocate for the petitioner has submitted that,
the petitioner was functioning as the Registrar of the University. A
group of students of the University had made a representation

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alleging mismanagement of the funds of the University. The E.C. in
its meeting dated February 8, 2014 had empowered the Vice
Chancellor (V.C.) to take suitable action with regard to such
representation. The V.C. had constituted a committee under the
Chairmanship of Justice N.N. Mathur (Retired) to look into the
allegations.

The

committee

had

submitted

its

report

without

identifying the persons guilty. The report of the committee was placed
before the E.C. on April 5, 2014. The E.C. had referred the report to
the Finance Committee. The Finance Committee in its meeting held
on June 21, 2014 had submitted a report to the E.C. without
identifying any person to be proceeded against. The E.C. in its
meeting on July 5, 2014 had considered the report of the Finance
Committee and had authorized the V.C. to take appropriate action
against the erring officers and employees of the University. The V.C.
had issued a notice dated July 21, 2014 upon the petitioner seeking
clarification. The petitioner had submitted its reply on August 8,
2014. A charge-sheet was issued to the petitioner on August 27, 2014
by the V.C.
Learned Senior Advocate for the petitioner has contended that,
the V.C. was not delegated with the authority to institute any

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disciplinary proceedings. The E.C. is the only authority to initiate a
disciplinary proceedings. E.C. is a creature of a statute. It has to
function within the four corners of the statute establishing it. Such
statute does not permit the E.C. to delegate its power of initiation of
disciplinary proceedings to the V.C. The delegation of authority if at
all made is bad in law. Independent of delegation of authority, the
V.C. has no power to initiate a disciplinary proceedings. The E.C. in
its meeting on July 5, 2014 or at any point of time did not permit the
V.C. to initiate a disciplinary proceedings. He has referred to Section
3 of the West Bengal National university of Juridical Sciences Act,
1999 (hereinafter referred to as the “Act of 1999”) as well as Section
5(xii) thereof. He has referred to Section 18 of the Act of 1999 and
Clauses 9 and 12 of the Schedule to the Act of 1999. He has
submitted that, Clause 9 of the Schedule to the Act of 1999 stipulates
the powers and functions of the E.C. Clause 9(2) of the Schedule of
the Act of 1999 allow the delegation of the power of appointment to
an authority or authorities as the E.C. may direct. He has submitted
that, the E.C. has to act within the four corners of the powers given
to it under the statute. He has submitted that, the E.C. did not
delegate any power under Clause 9(2) of the Schedule to the Act of

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1999 to the V.C. Even if there is a delegation in terms of such clause
he has submitted that, such delegation is limited to the power of
appointment only. Such delegation does not bring within its sweep
the power to initiate disciplinary proceedings. He has also submitted
that, the E.C. could not have delegated the power of initiation of a
disciplinary proceedings as it is the only authority to initiate a
disciplinary proceedings and that, neither the Act nor the Schedule
thereto allows the E.C. the power of delegation of the disciplinary
proceedings. Moreover, he has submitted that, the E.C. at no point of
time had taken any disciplinary proceedings against the petitioner.
In support of his contention that a disciplinary proceedings has
to be initiated by the authority concerned and the same cannot be
delegated, learned Senior Advocate for the petitioner has relied upon
a passage from H.W.R. Wade on Administrative Law 6th Edition. He
has also relied upon 1990 Volume 1 Labour Law Journal page 73
(P. Kasilingam v. Bharathiar University & Ors.) and 1989
Volume

3

Supreme

Court

Cases

page

132

(Marathwada

University v. Seshrao Balwant Rao Chavan) in support of such
contention. He has relied upon 1971 Calcutta Weekly Notes page
1093 (Jyoti Prakash Mitter v. Union of India) and All India

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Reporter 1991 Supreme Court page 1507 (Nagaraj Shivarao
Karjagi v. Syndicate Bank Head Officer, Manipal & Anr.) in
support of the contention that, the disciplinary authority has to take
the decision to initiate the disciplinary proceedings. He has relied
upon All India Reporter 1956 Supreme Court page 258 (Pradyat
Kumar Bose v. The Hon’ble Chief Justice of Calcutta High Court)
in support of the contention that, the ultimate authority to initiate a
disciplinary proceedings cannot be delegated.
Learned Senior Advocate for the petitioner has referred to the
terms on which Justice N.N. Mathur Committee was constituted. He
has referred to the steps taken thereafter till the issuance of the
charge-sheet by the V.C. He has submitted that, at no stage did the
E.C. ever identify the petitioner as a person to be proceeded against.
Learned Senior Advocate for the petitioner has referred to the chargesheet. He has submitted that, the charge-sheet has not been brought
in the name of the disciplinary authority, that is, the E.C. He has
referred to All India Reporter 1956 Calcutta page 662 (A.R.S.
Choudhury v. The Union of India & Ors.) in support of the
contention that, a charge-sheet has to be brought in the name of the
disciplinary authority.

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Learned Senior Advocate for the petitioner has submitted that,
as the rank of the V.C. and the petitioner as the Registrar of the
University are the same, the V.C. could not have initiated the
disciplinary proceedings. He has relied upon 1993 Volume 1
Supreme Court Cases page 419 (P.V. Srinivasa Sastry & Ors. v.
Comptroller and Auditor General & Ors.) in support of such
contention. He has also submitted that, a V.C. does not have the
authority to initiate a disciplinary proceedings. He has relied upon
2006 Volume 11 Supreme Court Cases page 42 (V.C., Banaras
Hindu University & Ors. v. Shrikant) in support of the proposition
that, a V.C. does not have the power to initiate disciplinary
proceedings. Since the initiation of the disciplinary proceedings was
done without jurisdiction, the entire proceedings are vitiated. The
entire proceedings are a nullity. The defect of inherent lack of
jurisdiction of the V.C. cannot be cured subsequently.
Learned Senior Advocate for the petitioner has referred to the
Enquiry Officer’s Report. He has submitted that, the Enquiry Officer
had taken into consideration the facts which are irrelevant. In
particular he has referred to the dealing of a piece of evidence by the
Enquiry Officer. He has submitted that, the Enquiry Officer has

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recommended

initiation

of

criminal

proceedings

against

the

petitioner. These facts show that the report of the Enquiry Officer is
tainted. He has relied upon 1993 Volume 4 Supreme Court Cases
page 727 (Managing Director, ECIL, Hyderabad & Ors. v. B.
Karunakar & Ors.) in support of his contention. He has submitted
that, the Enquiry Officer ought to have discussed the evidence
brought before him in its true perspective. The Enquiry Officer had
discussed the evidence of the prosecution and did not discuss the
evidence brought on behalf of the defence. In this regard he has relied
upon 1985 Volume 3 Supreme Court Cases page 378 (Anil Kumar
v. Presiding Officer & Ors.).
Learned Senior Advocate for the petitioner has submitted that,
the final decision of the E.C. stands vitiated in view of the E.C. not
considering the Enquiry Report and the representation of the
petitioner. He has referred to the minutes of the E.C. dated June 18,
2016 where a synopsis of the Enquiry Report was placed before the
E.C. He has therefore submitted that, the E.C. did not consider the
entire Enquiry Report. Since the E.C. did not consider the entire
Enquiry Report the decision of the E.C. is vitiated. He has referred to
the volume of Enquiry Report, the reply of the petitioner and the

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evidence on record. He has submitted that, the composition of the
E.C. had changed over a passage of time and that the E.C. on June
18, 2016 did not consider the entirety of the Enquiry Report and
other relevant documents.
Learned Senior Advocate for the petitioner has referred to the
minutes of the E.C. dated June 18, 2016. He has submitted that, the
E.C. did not deal with the points raised by the petitioner. The
decision of the E.C. is unreasoned. Moreover, the E.C. has proceeded
to decide its jurisdiction while it ought to have decided the
jurisdiction of the V.C. to initiate a disciplinary proceedings. He has
referred to the judgment and order dated September 4, 2014 passed
in

W.P.

No.

25523

(W)

of

2014

(Dr.

Surajit

Chandra

Mukhopadhyay v. The West Bengal National University of
Juridical Sciences & Ors.) where the point of jurisdiction was kept
open.
Learned Senior Advocate for the University has submitted that,
in the present case the V.C. was duly authorized by the resolution
dated July 5, 2002 to initiate the disciplinary proceedings. He has
referred to Clause 18 of the Schedule to the Act of 1999 which allows
the V.C. to exercise all the powers of the E.C. for the management

 9

and administration of the University. He has referred to Clause
18(4)(d) of such Schedule which stipulates that, the V.C. shall have
all such powers as are necessary for the proper maintenance and
discipline of the University. He has referred to Clause 12 of such
Schedule which allows delegation of powers by the E.C. He has next
referred to the various orders passed by the Court in the earlier writ
petition between the parties. He has submitted that, in order to allay
the fears of the petitioner expressed in the earlier writ petition with
regard to the impartiality of the disciplinary proceedings, the Court
had appointed an independent Enquiry Officer. The allegation that
the V.C. was biased, therefore, does not survive such appointment.
The petitioner was heard by the Enquiry Office in accordance with
law. There is no allegation of breach of the principles of natural
justice at any stage of the disciplinary proceedings. He has relied
upon 1994 Volume 4 Supreme Court Cases page 521 (Union of
India & Ors. v. Himmat Singh Chahar), 1995 Volume 1 Supreme
Court Cases page 332 (Transport Commissioner, Madras-5 v. A.
Radha Krishna Moorthy) and 1996 Volume 4 Supreme Court
Cases page 708 (Director General, ESI & Anr. v. T. Abdul Razak).
He has submitted that, the disciplinary proceedings can be initiated

 10

by any person superior to the person against whom the disciplinary
proceedings has been initiated. In the present case, the V.C. is a
superior officer than that of the Registrar in the hierarchy of the
University. He has submitted that, the ultimate decision has to be
taken by the appointing authority which in this case is the E.C. The
E.C. has concurred with the proposal for termination of service. The
E.C. has given its reason for doing so. Referring to 1977 Volume 1
Supreme Court Cases page 472 (Tara Chand Khatri v. Municipal
Corporation of Delhi & Ors.) the learned Senior Advocate for the
University has submitted that, the E.C. need not give elaborate
reasons while it is concurring with the views expressed by the
Enquiry Officer. Learned Senior Advocate for the University has
referred to the charge-sheet. He has submitted that, the initial
charge-sheet was subsequently amended. According to him, the date
of commencement of the disciplinary proceedings is July 5, 2014
when the E.C. had asked the V.C. to initiate appropriate steps
against erring officer. The erring officer need not be identified by the
E.C. The delegation of the power by the E.C. to the V.C. is more than
sufficient in this regard. Therefore, the V.C. had the jurisdiction to
initiate the disciplinary proceedings as done. The petitioner was

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heard before the Enquiry Officer. The Report of the Enquiry Officer is
detailed and well-reasoned. The disciplinary proceedings not being
vitiated, no interference by the High Court is called for. No order need
be passed by the High Court in favour of the petitioner.
Learned Senior Advocate for the petitioner had submitted that,
although the Registrar’s reports to the V.C. for administrative
convenience, the V.C and the Registrar are of the same rank as they
are named as the officers of the University by the Act of 1999. He has
also submitted that, since V.C. is one of the persons involved in the
entire transactions which are alleged in the charge-sheet, the V.C.
ought to have recused himself from the disciplinary proceedings. The
V.C. not having done so the entire disciplinary proceedings is vitiated
by bias.
The issues raised in the instant proceedings are as follows:(i) Can the E.C. delegate its power to initiate disciplinary
proceedings to the V.C. under the Act of 1999 ? If so, did the
E.C. validly delegate such authority to the V.C. in the facts of
this case ?
(ii) Does the V.C. under the Act of 1999 have any power to
initiate a disciplinary proceedings ?

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(iii) Is the disciplinary proceedings vitiated by bias ?
(iv) Is the Enquiry Report perverse ?
(v) Is the decision of the E.C. dated June 18, 2016 bad for nonconsideration of the Enquiry Report, response of the petitioner
to the Enquiry Report and the evidences ?
The University has been established under the West Bengal
National University of Juridical Sciences Act, 1999. The Act has 33
sections. It has a Schedule. Section 13 of the Act of 1999 permits
promulgation

of

Regulations.

Such

Regulations

have

been

promulgated.
Sections of the Act of 1999 relevant to context are as follows:be-

“5. The powers and functions of the University shall

……………………………………………………………………
(xii) to regulate and enforce discipline among the
employees of the University and to take such disciplinary
measures as may be deemed necessary.”
…………………………………………………………………….
12. The following shall be the officers of the
University:(a) the Vice-Chancellor;
(b) the Heads of the Departments;
(c) the Registrar; and
(d) such other officers as may be prescribed by
regulations.
……………………………………………………………………
…

 13

18. The authorities of the University and their
composition, powers, functions and other matters relating to
them, the officers of the University and their appointment,
powers, functions and other matters relating to them and all
other matters relating to the finances, powers, teaching,
administration, and management of affairs of the University
shall, subject to the provisions of this Act, be as specified in
the Schedule or as may be provided by regulations.”
The relevant clauses of the Schedule to the Act of 1999 are as
follows:“9. Powers and functions of the Executive
Council.- without prejudice to clause 5, the executive
Council shall have the following powers and functions:(1) to appoint, from time to time, the Vice-Chancellor, the
Registrar, the Librarian, Professors, Associate
Professors, Assistant Professors and other Members
of the teaching staff, as may be necessary, on the
recommendations of the Selection Committee
constituted by regulations for the purpose.
Provided that no action shall be taken by the
Executive Council, except in the cases covered by
the second proviso, in regard to the number,
qualifications
and
emoluments
of
teachers,
otherwise than
after consideration of the
recommendations of the Academic Council:
Provided further that it shall not be necessary to
constitute any selection committee for making
appointments(a) to any supernumerary post; or
(b) to the post of Professor of a person of high
academic distinction, eminence and professional
attainment invited by the Executive Council to
accept the post;
(2) to create administrative, ministerial and other
necessary posts, to determine the number and
emoluments of such posts, to specify minimum

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qualifications for appointment to such posts and to
appoint persons to such posts on such terms and
conditions of service as may be prescribed by
regulations in this behalf, or to delegate the power of
appointments to such authority or authorities or
officer or officers as the Executive Council may, from
time to time, by resolution, either generally or
specifically,
direct:……………….…………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………
….
12. Delegation of powers by the Executive
Council.The Executive Council may, by resolution, delegate
to the Vice-Chancellor or to a committee, such of its
powers as it may deem fit, subject to the condition
that the action taken by the Vice-Chancellor or such
committee in the exercise of the powers so delegated
shall be reported at the next meeting of the
Executive Council.”
………………………………………………………………….
.
18. Vice-Chancellor.…………………………………………………………………
(4) The Vice-Chancellor shall(a) ……………………………………………………………..
(b) ………………………………………………………………
(c) ………………………………………………………………
(d) have all such powers as are necessary for proper
maintenance of discipline in the University.
………………………………………………………………….
.
“20. Registrar.(1) …………………………………………………………………
(2) …………………………………………………………………

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(3) The Registrar shall(a) comply with all directions and orders of the
Executive Council and the Vice-Chancellor;
………………………………………………………………
(h) be directly responsible to the Vice-Chancellor for
the proper discharge of his duties and functions:
and
………………………………………………………………….
32. Discipline.(1) The final authority responsible for maintenance of
discipline among the students of the University shall
be the Vice-Chancellor. His directions in that behalf
shall be carried out by the Heads of Departments,
hostels and institutions.
(2) Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-clause
(1), the punishment of debarring a student from an
examination or rustication from the University or a
hostel or an institution shall, on the report of the
Vice-Chancellor, be considered an imposed by the
Executive Council.
Provided that no such punishment shall be imposed
without giving the student concerned a reasonable
opportunity to show cause against the action
proposed to be taken against him.”
There being no provisions in the Act, the Schedule to the Act,
the Regulations framed under the Act and the service rules for
disciplinary

proceedings,

the

power

to

initiate

a

disciplinary

proceedings and to dismiss a person from service will be with the
appointing authority. The post of Registrar is involved in the present
petition. The power to appoint the Registrar of the University is with
the E.C. in view of Clause 9(1) of the Schedule to the Act of 1999.

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Therefore, the power to initiate a disciplinary proceedings and to
dismiss a Registrar of the University will be with the E.C.
The learned Senior Advocate for the petitioner has contended
that, the E.C. could not have delegated its function of initiation of
disciplinary proceedings. According to the learned Senior Advocate for
the University, the E.C. has the power to delegate the power of
initiation of disciplinary proceedings and that such power was validly
delegated.
The students of the University had complained about financial
misdeeds in the affairs of the University. Such complaint was
considered by the E.C. on February 8, 2014. The E.C. had
empowered the V.C. to take suitable action with regard to such
representation. The V.C. had constituted a three-member committee
headed by Justice N.N. Mathur (Retired). The committee had
submitted a report without identifying any person. The report of the
committee was considered by the E.C. The E.C. referred the matter to
the finance committee. The finance committee submitted its report to
the E.C. This report of the finance committee was considered on July
5, 2014 by the E.C. The relevant portion of the resolution of the E.C.
in relation to the present matter is as follows:-

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“It was resolved that:(1) the Vice Chancellor shall be delegated with the
powers of taking appropriate action against the erring
officers and employees.”
The V.C. was, therefore, delegated with the power to take
appropriate action against the erring officers and employees in
relation to the financial misdeeds by the E.C. No person was,
however, identified at any stage upto the resolution of the E.C. to be
proceeded against.
Jyoti Prakash Mitter (supra) and Nagaraj Shivarao Karjagi
(supra) have held that, the disciplinary authority has to take the
decision

to

initiate

the

disciplinary

proceedings.

In

Nagaraj

Shivarao Karjagi (supra) the Supreme Court has held that, the
disciplinary authorities are not bound by the recommendation of
punishment given by the Vigilance Commission.
The passage cited by the learned Advocate for the petitioner
from H.W.R. Wade on Administrative Law 6th Edition is as follows:“A Statutory power to delegate functions, even if
expressed in wide general terms, will not necessarily
extend to everything. Thus it has been held that the
General Medical Council must itself exercise its disciplinary
powers over dentists and cannot delegate them to its
executive committee, even though it has express statutory
powers to act through such a committee for the purpose of
its functions under the Dentists Act. In the case of

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important Judicial and disciplinary functions the court may
be disposed to construe general powers of delegation
restrictively.”
In P. Kasilingam (supra) it has been held that, a point of
jurisdiction can be raised for the first time even in the appellate
stage.
In Pradyat Kumar Bose (supra) it has been held that, the
power to impose punishment cannot be delegated. In the present
case, The E.C. has not delegated the power to impose punishment to
the petitioner.
There are two provisions in the Schedule to the Act of 1999
allowing the E.C. to delegate the functions enumerated therein.
Clause 9(2) of the Schedule to the Act of 1999, inter alia, allows the
E.C. to delegate the power of appointments to such authority or
authorities or officer or officers as the E.C. may, from time to time, by
resolution, either generally or specifically direct. Clause 12 of the
Schedule to the Act of 1999 allows the E.C. by a resolution to
delegate to the V.C. or to a committee such of its powers as it may
deem fit, subject to the condition that, the action taken by the V.C. or
such committee in exercise of the powers so delegated shall be
reported at the next meeting of the E.C. Therefore, on a combined

 19

reading of Clauses 9 and 12 along with the principle that, in absence
of any specific disciplinary authority being identified in the Act of
1999 or the service rules, the appointing authority has the power to
initiate the disciplinary proceedings and to impose punishment, the
E.C. can delegate its power of disciplinary proceedings to the V.C. by
a resolution subject to the condition that, the exercise of such power
so delegated should be reported to the E.C. The provisions of the
Schedule to the Act of 1999 are such that, the E.C. retains control
over the delegated powers and that such exercise by the delegatee is
reviewed by the E.C. in the next meeting. The passage of Wade cited
recognizes that, delegation of powers is permissible. However, the
Courts should be disposed towards construing general powers of
delegation restrictively. The Schedule does not stipulate that, the E.C.
cannot delegate its power of initiation of disciplinary proceedings.
E.C. has not delegated its authority to consider the quantum of
punishment in this case. Restricting the statutory power to delegate
powers other than imposing punishment should also be on some
basis.
The E.C. by the resolution dated July 5, 2014 had delegated its
power to take disciplinary proceedings against the erring officers and

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employees in terms of Clause 12 of the Act of 1999. The words
“appropriate action” used in the resolution dated July 5, 2014 would
include the action of initiation of disciplinary proceedings against
such persons it deems necessary. The E.C. had understood its
resolution to be so. The V.C. had also understood the resolution of
the E.C. to vest him with the power to initiate disciplinary
proceedings against the persons he is of the view is required to be
proceeded against. Both the E.C. and the V.C. had acted on the basis
of such understanding of the resolution dated July 5, 2014 of the
E.C. V.C. had issued a letter of suspension to the petitioner. This
letter of suspension had come up for consideration before the E.C. in
a meeting dated November 1, 2014 where the E.C. had noted the
suspension of the petitioner. E.C. did not say, although it was
entitled to, that it did not delegate the V.C. with the authority to
proceed against the petitioner or that, the V.C. had acted in excess of
the delegation in initiating the disciplinary proceedings against the
petitioner and issuing the order of suspension.
A. Radha Krishna Moorthy (supra) has held that,
“8. Insofar as initiation of enquiry by an officer
subordinate to the appointing authority is concerned, it is
well settled now that it is unobjectionable. The initiation

 21

can be by an officer subordinate to the appointing
authority. Only the dismissal/removal shall not be by an
authority subordinate to the appointing authority.
Accordingly it is held that this was not a permissible
ground for quashing the charges by the Tribunal.”
T. Abdul Razak (supra) has held that, it is not necessary that
the authority competent to impose the penalty must initiate the
disciplinary authority. A disciplinary proceedings can be initiated by
any superior who can be held to be the controlling authority and who
may be an officer subordinate to the appointing authority. Under
Clause 20(3)(a) and (h) it can be safely inferred that the petitioner
here has to report to the V.C. In such view, at a given level, the V.C.
is the controlling authority of the Registrar. P.V. Srinivasa Sastry &
Ors. (supra) has recognized that, a disciplinary proceedings can be
initiated by an authority superior to that of the delinquent.
Shrikant (supra) relates to the affairs of Banaras Hindu
University. The provisions of the Act establishing the Banaras Hindu
University were considered therein and it was found that, the Act
establishing the Banaras Hindu University did not permit the V.C. of
such University to initiate departmental proceedings. The provisions
of the Act of 1999 establishing the University in question in the
present proceedings are not pari materia as that of the Banaras

 22

Hindu University Act. Consequently, Shrikant (supra) cannot be
cited as an authority for the proposition that, a V.C. of the University
does not have the power to initiate a disciplinary proceedings. In a
given case, the V.C. can have such power.
Marathwada University (supra) has considered the various
provisions of the Act establishing the Marathwada University. While
considering the provisions of such Act it has held that, the actions
taken by the V.C. with regard to the disciplinary proceedings cannot
be ratified by the Executive Council. It has also found that, the
provisions in Marathwada University Act to the extent that it
empowers the V.C. to regulate the work and conduct of the officers
does not imply the power to take disciplinary action as the power of
appointment has been conferred on the E.C. Again the powers given
to a V.C. under the Marathwada University Act and the Act under
consideration are different.

Section 18 of the Act of 1999 defines the Vice-Chancellor. Subsection (4) of Section 18 of the Act of 1999 stipulates that, the V.C.
shall have all such powers as are necessary for proper maintenance

 23

of discipline in the University. Clause 18 of the Schedule to the Act of
1999 echoes the same power of the V.C. as enshrined in Section 18(4)
of the Act of 1999. Clause 32 of the Schedule to the Act of 1999 deals
with discipline. It stipulates that, the final authority for maintenance
of discipline amongst the students of the University shall be the V.C.
Clause 32 does not limit the discipline in the University to the
students only. No word of Clause 32 can be read to mean that, the
V.C. stands denuded of the power to maintain discipline amongst the
officers or employees of the University. The words used in Clause 32
do not permit an interpretation limiting the powers of the V.C. An
interpretation limiting the powers of the V.C. would do violence to
Clause 20(3)(a) and (h). An interpretation which harmonizes the
various provisions of the Act of 1999 should be preferred over the one
which renders a provision otiose. The power of the V.C. to maintain
discipline in the University is recognized under Section 18(4) of the
Act of 1999. The Act in its body does not define the word ‘discipline’.
The word ‘discipline’ is dealt with in Clause 32 of the Schedule to the
Act of 1999. The word ‘discipline’ in its sweep will include discipline
and observation of discipline by all concerned with the University not
above the V.C., including the teaching and non-teaching staff as well

 24

as the students of the University. Although the V.C. is not the
appointing authority of the Registrar, it does not preclude the V.C.
from ensuring that the Registrar complies with his directions and
orders and that of the E.C. In fact, the Registrar under Clause 20(3)
is obliged to do so. Clause 20(3)(h) of the Schedule to the Act of 1999
requires the Registrar to be responsible to the V.C. for the proper
discharge of his duties and functions.
The V.C. and the Registrar are defined as officers of the
University under Section 12 of the Act of 1999. The Schedule to the
Act of 1999 defines the power and functions of the V.C. and the
Registrar. Clause 20 of the Schedule to the Act of 1999 obliges the
Registrar to comply with the directions and orders of the V.C. and to
be directly responsible to the V.C. for the proper discharge of his
duties and functions. In Court, I had enquired as to whether the
emoluments of the V.C. and the Registrar are same or not. The
answer of both the parties was that, they were not the same. In the
scheme of things as enshrined in the Act and the Schedule thereof I
am not in a position to hold that, the V.C. and the Registrar are of the
same rank as contended on behalf of the petitioner. The V.C. is a
superior rank to that of the Registrar for the University concerned. As

 25

an officer of superior rank to that of the Registrar, the V.C. has the
power to initiate a disciplinary proceedings against the Registrar,
independent of the delegation of power by the E.C. As the officer of
the University on whom the duty and power to maintain discipline at
the University has been reposed by the Act of 1999 and the Schedule
thereto,

the

V.C.

has

the

power

to

initiate

the

disciplinary

proceedings, independent of delegation of such powers by the E.C.
However, the V.C. does not have the power to impose any
punishment on a delinquent, who is an employee of the University
and who has been appointed by the E.C.
In view of the discussion above, the first issue is answered by
holding that, the E.C. can delegate its powers to initiate the
disciplinary proceedings to the V.C. under the Act of 1999. In the
present case, the delegation was validly done. The second issue is
also answered against the petitioner and in the affirmative on the
terms discussed.
The first two issues being answered against the petitioner, it is
held that the initiation of the disciplinary proceedings by the V.C.
against the petitioner was validly done.

 26

The petitioner has alleged bias against the V.C. The petitioner
has also challenged the issuance of the charge-sheet claiming that,
the V.C. lacked the power to issue it and in any event, the chargesheet is not in the name of the disciplinary authority.
Himmat Singh Chahar (supra) has held that, a High Court is
entitled to exercise its power of judicial review in respect of a
disciplinary proceedings but that would be for a limited purpose of
finding out whether there has been a violation of the principles of
natural justice which vitiates the entire proceedings or that the
authority exercising the jurisdiction had not been vested with
jurisdiction to initiate the disciplinary proceedings. The power of
judicial review cannot be equated with the power of an appellate
authority permitting to the High Court to reappreciate the evidence
and coming to the conclusion that the evidence is insufficient for the
conclusion arrived at.
A.R.S. Choudhury (supra) had on an appreciation of the facts
of that case has found that, there was a violation of the Rules and
Regulations governing the field at every stage of the disciplinary
proceedings. The safeguards that a delinquent is entitled to in a
disciplinary proceedings have been enumerated therein. In the facts

 27

of the present case, no Rule or Regulation has been established to
have been violated in the course of the disciplinary proceedings
against the petitioner. The alleged involvement of the V.C. in the
financial transactions does not ipso facto result in the V.C. being
biased against the petitioner. It is open to the University authorities
to proceed against every person of the University including the V.C.,
whom the authorities have reasons to believe that, such a person is
involved in the misdeeds. The University has not done so.
In such circumstances, the third issue is answered in the
negative and against the petitioner.
In B. Karunakar & Ors. (supra) it has been held that, a
delinquent is entitled to the Enquiry Report when the Enquiry Officer
is other than the disciplinary authority. It has also held that, the
delinquent has a right to a reasonable opportunity to make a
representation against the findings of the Enquiry Officer. It
recognizes that, the delinquent has a right to reply to the show-cause
against the penalty proposed.
Anil Kumar (supra) requires an Enquiry Officer to apprise all
materials placed before it. It also requires the Enquiry Officer to
submit a report which contains reasons.

 28

The report of the Enquiry Officer here is detailed. A portion of
the Enquiry Report has been highlighted to suggest that, the Enquiry
Officer had taken into consideration materials not connected with the
proceedings and had opined thereon.
The portion of the Enquiry Officer’s Report highlighted deals
with a piece of evidence brought on record The Enquiry Officer is
required to deal with all the evidence brought on record. In the
present case, he had done so. In the process of appreciating such
evidence he has commented thereon. He has given reasons to reach
the conclusions as recorded in his Report. Exercising jurisdiction
under Article 226 of the Constitution of India I am not an appellate
authority to reapprise the evidence before the Enquiry Officer so as to
arrive at conclusion that the findings returned by the Enquiry Officer
are not wrong.
The fourth issue is therefore answered in the negative and
against the petitioner.
The E.C. in its meeting dated June 18, 2016 had considered the
Enquiry Report itself as well as a synopsis of the Enquiry Report. The
consideration of the synopsis of the Enquiry Report along with the
Enquiry Report does not allow one to infer that the E.C. did not

 29

consider the Enquiry Report itself. There is no basis for the petitioner
to contend that the E.C. did not consider the Enquiry Report.
Comments have been made on the quantum of time taken by the E.C.
to be decide the fate of the petitioner. The duration for which the
meeting of the E.C. had continued on June 18, 2016 is not on record.
Therefore, there is no material on record to substantiate that, the
E.C. did not apply its mind to the relevant issues. The E.C. had
considered the report of the Enquiry Officer, and the response of the
petitioner. The E.C. had proceeded to deal with the various charges
and rearrange them under different heads for their consideration.
This itself shows an application of mind by the E.C. It has segregated
the charges under separate heads. It had proceeded to deal with the
evidence and the response of the petitioner thereto and it had
concurred with the findings of the Enquiry Officer.
Tara

Chand

Khatri

(supra)

has held that, where the

disciplinary authority concurs with the findings arrived at by the
Enquiry Officer it is not obligatory for the disciplinary authority to
give elaborate reasons.
In the present case, the decision of the E.C. is sufficiently
elaborate and contains reasons.

 30

In view of the discussions above the fifth issue is answered in
the negative and against the petitioner.
W.P. No. 12652 (W) of 2016 is dismissed. The interim order
passed on July 15, 2016 stands vacated. The parties will bear their
respective costs.
Urgent certified website copy of this order, if applied for, be
given to the parties on priority basis.
[DEBANGSU BASAK, J.]
Later:The learned Senior Advocate for the petitioner prays for stay of
the judgment and order. Such prayer is considered and refused.

[DEBANGSU BASAK, J.]